Compare Antigua and Barbuda (2003) - Turks and Caicos Islands (2003)

Compare Antigua and Barbuda (2003) z Turks and Caicos Islands (2003)

	Antigua and Barbuda (2003)	Turks and Caicos Islands (2003)

Administrative divisions	6 parishes and 2 dependencies; Barbuda, Redonda, Saint George, Saint John, Saint Mary, Saint Paul, Saint Peter, Saint Philip*	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Age structure	0-14 years: 28.1% (male 9,706; female 9,371) 15-64 years: 67.4% (male 22,929; female 22,845) 65 years and over: 4.5% (male 1,218; female 1,828) (2003 est.)	0-14 years: 32.5% (male 3,202; female 3,094) 15-64 years: 63.7% (male 6,484; female 5,848) 65 years and over: 3.7% (male 321; female 401) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products	cotton, fruits, vegetables, bananas, coconuts, cucumbers, mangoes, sugarcane; livestock	corn, beans, cassava (tapioca), citrus fruits; fish
Airports	3 (2002)	8 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2002)	total: 5 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2002)	total: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 2 (2002)
Area	total: 443 sq km (Antigua 280 sq km; Barbuda 161 sq km) land: 443 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Redonda, 1.6 sq km	total: 430 sq km land: 430 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	2.5 times the size of Washington, DC	2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	The Siboney were the first to inhabit the islands of Antigua and Barbuda in 2400 B.C., but Arawak and Carib Indians populated the islands when Columbus landed on his second voyage in 1493. Early settlements by the Spanish and French were succeeded by the English who formed a colony in 1667. Slavery, established to run the sugar plantations on Antigua, was abolished in 1834. The islands became an independent state within the British Commonwealth of Nations in 1981.	The islands were part of the UK's Jamaican colony until 1962, when they assumed the status of a separate crown colony upon Jamaica's independence. The governor of The Bahamas oversaw affairs from 1965 to 1973. With Bahamian independence, the islands received a separate governor in 1973. Although independence was agreed upon for 1982, the policy was reversed and the islands are presently a British overseas territory.
Birth rate	18.23 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)	23.51 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget	revenues: $123.7 million expenditures: $145.9 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)	revenues: $47 million expenditures: $33.6 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997-98 est.)
Capital	Saint John's	Grand Turk (Cockburn Town)
Climate	tropical marine; little seasonal temperature variation	tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds; sunny and relatively dry
Coastline	153 km	389 km
Constitution	1 November 1981	introduced 30 August 1976; suspended in 1986; restored and revised 5 March 1988
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Antigua and Barbuda	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Turks and Caicos Islands
Currency	East Caribbean dollar (XCD)	US dollar (USD)
Death rate	5.64 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)	4.34 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external	$231 million (1999)	$NA
Dependency status	-	overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US	the US does not have an embassy in Antigua and Barbuda (embassy closed 30 June 1994); the US Ambassador to Barbados is accredited to Antigua and Barbuda	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant) chancery: 3216 New Mexico Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016 telephone: [1] (202) 362-5211 FAX: [1] (202) 362-5225 consulate(s) general: Miami	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international	none	none
Economic aid - recipient	$2.3 million (1995)	$4.1 million (1997)
Economy - overview	Tourism continues to dominate the economy, accounting for more than half of GDP. Weak tourist arrival numbers since early 2000 have slowed the economy, however, and pressed the government into a tight fiscal corner. The dual-island nation's agricultural production is focused on the domestic market and constrained by a limited water supply and a labor shortage stemming from the lure of higher wages in tourism and construction. Manufacturing comprises enclave-type assembly for export with major products being bedding, handicrafts, and electronic components. Prospects for economic growth in the medium term will continue to depend on income growth in the industrialized world, especially in the US, which accounts for slightly more than one-third of tourist arrivals.	The Turks and Caicos economy is based on tourism, fishing, and offshore financial services. Most capital goods and food for domestic consumption are imported. The US is the leading source of tourists, accounting for more than half of the 93,000 visitors in 1998. Major sources of government revenue include fees from offshore financial activities and customs receipts. Tourism fell by 6% in 2002 but appeared to be picking up at yearend.
Electricity - consumption	97.89 million kWh (2001)	4.65 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production	105.3 million kWh (2001)	5 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Boggy Peak 402 m	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Blue Hills 49 m
Environment - current issues	water management - a major concern because of limited natural fresh water resources - is further hampered by the clearing of trees to increase crop production, causing rainfall to run off quickly	limited natural fresh water resources, private cisterns collect rainwater
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements	-
Ethnic groups	black, British, Portuguese, Lebanese, Syrian	black 90%, mixed, European, or north American 10%
Exchange rates	East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7 (2002), 2.7 (2001), 2.7 (2000), 2.7 (1999), 2.7 (1998) (fixed rate since 1976)	the US dollar is used
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General James B. CARLISLE (since NA 1993) head of government: Prime Minister Lester Bryant BIRD (since 8 March 1994); Deputy Prime Minister Robin YEARWOOD cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor general chosen by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1953), represented by Governor Jim POSTON (since 16 December 2002) head of government: Chief Minister Derek H. TAYLOR (since 31 January 1995) cabinet: Executive Council consists of three ex officio members and five appointed by the governor from among the members of the Legislative Council elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is appointed chief minister by the governor
Exports	NA (2001)	NA (2001)
Exports - commodities	petroleum products 48%, manufactures 23%, machinery and transport equipment 17%, food and live animals 4%, other 8%	lobster, dried and fresh conch, conch shells
Exports - partners	France 68.5%, Germany 26.4%, Italy 1.2% (2002)	US, UK
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	calendar year
Flag description	red, with an inverted isosceles triangle based on the top edge of the flag; the triangle contains three horizontal bands of black (top), light blue, and white, with a yellow rising sun in the black band	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the colonial shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield is yellow and contains a conch shell, lobster, and cactus
GDP	purchasing power parity - $750 million (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $231 million (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 3.9% industry: 19.2% services: 76.8% (2002)	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $11,000 (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $9,600 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	3% (2002 est.)	4.9% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates	17 03 N, 61 48 W	21 45 N, 71 35 W
Geography - note	Antigua has a deeply indented shoreline with many natural harbors and beaches; Barbuda has a very large western harbor	about 40 islands (eight inhabited)
Highways	total: 250 km (1999 est.)	total: 121 km paved: 24 km unpaved: 97 km (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	considered a minor transshipment point for narcotics bound for the US and Europe; more significant as an offshore financial center	transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe
Imports	NA (2001)	NA (2001)
Imports - commodities	food and live animals, machinery and transport equipment, manufactures, chemicals, oil	food and beverages, tobacco, clothing, manufactures, construction materials
Imports - partners	France 23.4%, Germany 14.2%, US 13.2%, Poland 9.8%, South Korea 8.3%, Singapore 5%, UK 4.4% (2002)	US, UK
Independence	1 November 1981 (from UK)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate	6% (1997 est.)	NA%
Industries	tourism, construction, light manufacturing (clothing, alcohol, household appliances)	tourism, offshore financial services
Infant mortality rate	total: 20.9 deaths/1,000 live births male: 25.14 deaths/1,000 live births female: 16.44 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)	total: 16.87 deaths/1,000 live births male: 19.48 deaths/1,000 live births female: 14.12 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	0.4% (2000 est.)	4% (1995)
International organization participation	ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO (subscriber), ITU, OAS, OECS, OPANAL, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO	Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	16 (2000)	14 (2000)
Irrigated land	NA sq km	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based in Saint Lucia; one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and presides over the Court of Summary Jurisdiction)	Supreme Court
Labor force	30,000	4,848 (1990 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	commerce and services 82%, agriculture 11%, industry 7% (1983)	about 33% in government and 20% in agriculture and fishing; significant numbers in tourism, financial, and other services
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 18.18% permanent crops: 0% other: 81.82% (1998 est.)	arable land: 2.33% permanent crops: 0% other: 97.67% (1998 est.)
Languages	English (official), local dialects	English (official)
Legal system	based on English common law	based on laws of England and Wales, with a few adopted from Jamaica and The Bahamas
Legislative branch	bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (17-member body appointed by the governor general) and the House of Representatives (17 seats; members are elected by proportional representation to serve five-year terms) elections: House of Representatives - last held 9 March 1999 (next to be held prior to March 2004) election results: percent of vote by party - ALP 53.2%, UPP 45.5%, independent 1.3%; seats by party - ALP 12, UPP 4, independent 1	unicameral Legislative Council (19 seats, of which 13 are popularly elected; members serve four-year terms) elections: last held 24 April 2003 (next to be held NA 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - PDM 53.8%, PNP 46.2%; seats by party - PDM 7, PNP 6; note - in by-elections held 7 August 2003, the PNP gained two seats for a majority of 8 seats; PDM now has 5
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 71.31 years male: 68.99 years female: 73.75 years (2003 est.)	total population: 74 years male: 71.82 years female: 76.3 years (2003 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over has completed five or more years of schooling total population: 89% male: 90% female: 88% (1960 est.)	definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school total population: 98% male: 99% female: 98% (1970 est.)
Location	Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, east-southeast of Puerto Rico	Caribbean, two island groups in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of The Bahamas, north of Haiti
Map references	Central America and the Caribbean	Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims	contiguous zone: 24 NM continental shelf: 200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	total: 816 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 5,135,866 GRT/6,648,143 DWT ships by type: bulk 16, cargo 474, chemical tanker 8, combination bulk 3, container 255, liquefied gas 10, multi-functional large-load carrier 6, petroleum tanker 1, refrigerated cargo 8, roll on/roll off 35 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Australia 1, Bangladesh 2, Belgium 3, Colombia 1, Cuba 1, Estonia 1, Germany 747, Greece 1, Iceland 8, Latvia 1, Lebanon 2, Lithuania 1, Netherlands 22, New Zealand 2, Portugal 1, Slovenia 6, South Africa 1, Sweden 2, United Kingdom 1, United States 7 (2002 est.)	none (2002 est.)
Military - note	-	defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches	Royal Antigua and Barbuda Defense Force, Royal Antigua and Barbuda Police Force (including the Coast Guard)	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$NA	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA%	-
National holiday	Independence Day (National Day), 1 November (1981)	Constitution Day, 30 August (1976)
Nationality	noun: Antiguan(s), Barbudan(s) adjective: Antiguan, Barbudan	noun: none adjective: none
Natural hazards	hurricanes and tropical storms (July to October); periodic droughts	frequent hurricanes
Natural resources	NEGL; pleasant climate fosters tourism	spiny lobster, conch
Net migration rate	-6.19 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)	12.25 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
People - note	-	destination and transit point for illegal Haitian immigrants bound for the Turks and Caicos Islands, Bahamas, and US
Political parties and leaders	Antigua Labor Party or ALP [Lester Bryant BIRD]; Barbuda People's Movement or BPM [Thomas H. FRANK]; United Progressive Party or UPP [Baldwin SPENCER] (a coalition of three opposition parties - United National Democratic Party or UNDP, Antigua Caribbean Liberation Movement or ACLM, and Progressive Labor Movement or PLM)	People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Derek H. TAYLOR]; Progressive National Party or PNP [Washington MISICK]; United Democratic Party or UDP [Wendal SWANN]
Political pressure groups and leaders	Antigua Trades and Labor Union or ATLU [William ROBINSON]; People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Hugh MARSHALL]	NA
Population	67,897 (July 2003 est.)	19,350 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	0.64% (2003 est.)	3.14% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors	Saint John's	Grand Turk, Providenciales
Radio broadcast stations	AM 4, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 3 (one inactive), FM 6, shortwave 0 (1998)
Railways	total: 77 km narrow gauge: 64 km 0.760-m gauge; 13 km 0.610-m gauge (used almost exclusively for handling sugarcane) (2001 est.)	0 km
Religions	Christian, (predominantly Anglican with other Protestant, and some Roman Catholic)	Baptist 40%, Methodist 16%, Anglican 18%, Church of God 12%, other 14% (1990)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.67 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2003 est.)	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: good automatic telephone system international: 1 coaxial submarine cable; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); tropospheric scatter to Saba (Netherlands Antilles) and Guadeloupe	general assessment: fair cable and radiotelephone services domestic: NA international: 2 submarine cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	28,000 (1996)	3,000 (1994)
Telephones - mobile cellular	1,300 (1996)	0 (1994)
Television broadcast stations	2 (1997)	0 (broadcasts from The Bahamas are received; cable television is established) (1997)
Terrain	mostly low-lying limestone and coral islands, with some higher volcanic areas	low, flat limestone; extensive marshes and mangrove swamps
Total fertility rate	2.28 children born/woman (2003 est.)	3.15 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate	11% (2001 est.)	10% (1997 est.)
Waterways	none	none

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